Limb Length Discrepancy

A limb length discrepancy (LLD) means one leg is shorter than the other. The difference can be small and harmless or large enough to cause walking problems, pain, and posture imbalance.

A difference of 0.5 inch (~1.2 cm) is usually minor and often doesn’t need surgery. Small discrepancies can be managed with shoe lifts or orthotics if they cause symptoms. Larger or painful differences may require medical correction.

LLD can be congenital (present from birth) or acquired (develops later). Common causes include fractures, growth plate damage, infections, hip dysplasia, or past surgeries. Genetics may also play a role in some conditions.

Diagnosis involves a clinical exam, where the doctor measures leg lengths. Imaging tests like X-rays, scanograms, or CT scans provide exact measurements and help plan treatment.

ILD usually refers to Interstitial Lung Disease, which is different from LLD. It is a chronic lung condition that can cause disability in advanced cases. It is not related to limb length discrepancy (LLD).

Untreated LLD can cause chronic back pain, hip/knee arthritis, balance issues, and scoliosis (spinal curvature). Over time, it may also affect walking and limit sports or daily activities.

Chiropractors can help with functional discrepancies caused by muscle or posture imbalance. But for true structural discrepancies (actual bone length difference), only medical treatment like shoe lifts or surgery is effective.

Yes, most cases can be corrected. Small differences are managed with lifts, while larger ones can be cured using limb lengthening surgery (Ilizarov or PRECICE nails) or growth plate procedures in children.

Treatment time depends on the size of the discrepancy. Shoe lifts work instantly, while surgical limb lengthening may take 6–12 months for full correction and recovery.

Yes. LLD often leads to spinal misalignment, back pain, hip strain, and balance problems. Uneven walking puts extra stress on muscles and joints, causing long-term discomfort if untreated.

Usually, the longer leg’s hip bears more stress and pain, but the shorter leg can also cause discomfort. Over time, both hips may develop strain due to uneven weight distribution.

LLD affects the hip flexors, hamstrings, gluteal muscles, and spinal stabilizers. These muscles work harder to compensate for imbalance, leading to stiffness and fatigue.

Physical therapy cannot change bone length, but it helps manage symptoms. Strengthening, stretching, and posture exercises improve balance and reduce pain. Surgery or lifts may still be required for permanent correction.

Yes. Heel lifts or shoe inserts are effective for minor discrepancies (<2 cm). They help balance the legs, reduce pain, and improve walking.

Some congenital cases have a genetic component, such as conditions affecting bone development. However, most discrepancies are due to injury, infection, or growth plate damage.

Exercises focus on core strengthening, hip and back stretches, balance training, and gait correction. While they don’t fix bone length, they improve posture and reduce discomfort.