Lack of blood supply, instability, infection, smoking, or chronic illness can all interfere with normal bone healing.

Treatment may take 3 to 12 months, depending on bone type, health, and intervention used.

Yes, in selected cases, especially hypertrophic nonunions or early delayed unions. It’s non-invasive and painless.

Often yes—especially for atrophic or infected nonunions—but minor cases may be managed conservatively.

Yes, especially in the tibia, humerus, and bones with poor circulation or complex fractures.

You’ll go through gradual rehabilitation, physiotherapy, and regular follow-ups to monitor healing.

If the root causes (like smoking or poor stabilisation) persist, there is a risk of recurrence, though it is rare under expert care.

Yes, it’s typically associated with persistent or intermittent pain, especially during movement.

Grafting fills gaps, supports healing, and stimulates bone regeneration where healing is biologically insufficient.

Yes, they are FDA-approved, scientifically backed options used selectively in difficult-to-heal fractures.